Chapter 04 Health Promotion, Health Maintenance, and Home Health Considerations

Chapter 04  Health Promotion, Health Maintenance, and Home Health Considerations

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1.

A 70-year-old male patient has been newly diagnosed with hypertension. What would be the

most effective health practice to reduce sodium intake?

1. Avoid all salty foods.
2. Discontinue eating at restaurants.
3. Read food labels on food containers carefully.
4. Limit the amount of salt added to food.

ANS: C
Reading labels will prevent the purchase of sodium-laden foods. Sodium-restricted foods are available on most menus. Simply avoiding salty foods does not guarantee less sodium because there are many foods containing sodium that are not salty. Adding salt should be absolutely restricted, not diminished.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Analysis REF: p. 74 OBJ: 1
TOP: Sodium Restriction KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Early Detection of Disease

An older adult states that her physician ordered her to drink a glass of wine daily. The nurse

understands that alcohol is occasionally recommended for which of the following reasons?

1. Memory enchancer
2. Appetite stimulant
3. Diuretic
4. Food source

ANS: B
Alcohol is occasionally prescribed as an appetite stimulant in certain situations.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 75 OBJ: 7
TOP: Alcohol Abuse KEY: Nursing Process Step: Planning
MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Early Detection of Disease

When the 70-year-old female patient says, “Keeping up with when to take the flu vaccine is a big hassle. I’m not going to add trying to keep up with a pneumonia vaccine as well. It’s too expensive.” Which response by the nurse would be the most helpful?

1. “Both vaccines can be taken at the same time every fall.”
2. “The pneumonia vaccine needs to be repeated every 10 years.”
3. “It is important to begin getting annual pneumonia shots at 80 years of age.”
4. “The flu vaccine must be taken every three years to remain effective.”

ANS: B
The pneumonia vaccine is given to individuals usually between the ages of 65 and 70 years and is repeated every 10 years. The flu vaccine must be received every year in the fall, because the strain of the virus changes frequently.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 75 OBJ: 9
TOP: Pneumonia Vaccine KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation

2.

3.

MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Early Detection of Disease

4. How often should a 75-year-old have a visual screening?

1. Every 6 months
2. Every 12 months
3. Every 2 years
4. On an as needed basis

ANS: B
Annual examinations for vision to check for glaucoma are recommended.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 75 OBJ: 1
TOP: Visual and Hearing Evaluations KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Early Detection of Disease

5. What would be the most important suggestion for the nurse to give her 75-year-old patient in an attempt to prevent a potential drug interaction?

1. Seek medical care from only one physician.
2. Read up on all drugs that are prescribed.
3. Keep a list of drugs that he is currently taking.
4. Use only one pharmacy to fill prescriptions.

ANS: C
Keeping a current drug list as a quick reference for any licensed professional to review before prescribing medication is one method to prevent possible drug-drug interactions.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 76 OBJ: 1
TOP: Preventative Care KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Early Detection of Disease