Chapter 02 Health and Wellness

Chapter 02  Health and Wellness

Complete Chapter Questions And Answers
 

Sample Questions

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. A nurse is assessing a patient’s stage of behavioral change. Which statement by the patient will indicate to the nurse that the patient is in the preparation stage?
a.
“I started to exercise regularly, but it didn’t last long. I’ll probably try again in a few weeks.”
b.
“I have a problem, and I really think I need to work on it.”
c.
“I am really working hard to stop smoking.”
d.
“There is nothing that I really need to change.”

ANS: A
“I started to exercise regularly, but it didn’t last long. I’ll probably try again in a few weeks” is the preparation stage. “I have a problem, and I really think I need to work on it” is the contemplation stage. “I am really working hard to stop smoking” is the action stage. “There is nothing that I really need to change” is the precontemplation stage.

PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying (Application)
REF: 23
OBJ: Discuss four types of risk factors and the process of risk-factor modification.
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance

2. A patient is depressed after a divorce and is not eating. The nurse is using Maslow to prioritize care. Which patient need should the nurse address first?
a.
Nutrition
b.
Emotional safety
c.
Depression
d.
Love and belonging

ANS: A
According to Maslow, individuals have to meet lower-level needs before they are able to satisfy higher-level needs. The lowest level on the hierarchy consists of very basic physiological needs such as oxygen, water, food (nutrition), sleep, and sex. The second level on the hierarchy consists of safety needs. The third level on the hierarchy is love and belongingness, which is a desire to belong to groups. The fourth level deals with the need for self-esteem. Depression is not a lower need but a higher need.

PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Analyzing (Analysis)
REF: 17-18
OBJ: Discuss the health belief, health promotion, basic human needs, and holistic health models of health and illness and their relationship to patients’ attitudes toward health and health practices. TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Management of Care

3. A nurse is assessing a patient’s risk factors for heart disease and finds that the patient has several risk factors. How should the nurse interpret this finding?
a.
The patient needs surgery for heart disease.
b.
The patient has a genetic disease.
c.
The patient will develop the disease.
d.
The patient has an increased chance to develop the disease.

ANS: D
The presence of a risk factor does not mean that a disease will develop, but risk factors increase the chances that the individual will experience a particular disease. Although genetics can be a risk factor, it does not mean the patient has a genetic disease. The patient does not need surgery for heart disease because risk factors only increase the probability of the disease occurring.

PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying (Application)
REF: 21
OBJ: Discuss four types of risk factors and the process of risk-factor modification.
TOP: Nursing Process: Evaluation
MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance

4. To determine a patient’s external variables for health beliefs and practices, which area should the nurse assess?
a.
Emotional factors
b.
Intellectual background
c.
Developmental stage
d.
Socioeconomic factors

ANS: D
External variables for health beliefs and practices include family practices, socioeconomic factors, and cultural background. Emotional factors, intellectual background, and developmental stage represent internal variables.

PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Analyzing (Analysis)
REF: 20
OBJ: Describe the variables influencing health beliefs and health practices.
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance

5. Which nursing action best represents primary prevention?
a.
Instructing a healthy individual to get a flu shot on a yearly basis
b.
Instructing a patient to take blood pressure medication every day
c.
Instructing a patient to live with a known disability
d.
Instructing a patient to undergo physical therapy following a cerebrovascular accident

ANS: A
A healthy individual getting a flu shot is primary prevention. Primary prevention precedes disease or disability or dysfunction. Primary prevention aimed at health promotion includes health education programs, immunizations, and physical and nutritional fitness activities. Taking blood pressure medication every day is a secondary prevention because the patient is trying to prevent further complications. Physical therapy after a cerebrovascular accident is intended to prevent further complications and deterioration and is tertiary prevention. Instructing a patient to live with a known disability is tertiary prevention.

PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying (Application)
REF: 21 OBJ: Explain the three levels of prevention.
TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance