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Patton and Thibodeau: Anatomy & Physiology, 7th Edition
Chapter 5: Tissues
Test Bank
TRUE/FALSE
1.Matrix may be defined as the living intracellular material surrounding the cells of a tissue.
ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page 128
TOP: Tissues
2.The study of how the primary germ layers differentiate into the different kinds of tissues is called histogenesis.
ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 128
TOP:Embryonic Development of Tissues
3.Epithelial tissue attaches to connective tissue by means of a basement membrane.
ANS:TDIF:Memorization
REF: Page 131 | Page 132 TOP: Generalizations About Epithelial Tissue
4.Epithelial tissue is moderately vascular, which results in very little blood loss when cuts occur.
ANS:FDIF:SynthesisREF:Page 132
TOP:Generalizations About Epithelial Tissue
5.Epithelial tissue is characterized by large amounts of intercellular matrix and few cells.
ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page 131
TOP:Generalizations About Epithelial Tissue
6.Transitional epithelium is unique in that it is composed of differing cell shapes in a stratified, or layered, epithelial sheet.
ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 133
TOP:Classification Based on Layers of Cells
7.Stratified columnar epithelium is the most common type of epithelium and is found in many areas throughout the body.
ANS:FDIF:ApplicationREF:Page 134
TOP:Classification Based on Layers of Cells
8.Stratified transitional epithelium, such as is found in the urinary bladder, allows for distention.
ANS:TDIF:ApplicationREF:Page 135
TOP:Classification Based on Layers of Cells
9.Compound exocrine glands have one duct and secrete two or more products.
ANS:FDIF:ApplicationREF:Page 137
TOP:Glandular Epithelium
10.Mammary glands are endocrine glands that produce milk.
ANS:FDIF:SynthesisREF:Page 138
TOP:Glandular Epithelium
11.Salivary glands are an example of ductless exocrine glands.
ANS:FDIF:SynthesisREF:Page 138
TOP:Glandular Epithelium
12.Oil-producing glands that self-destruct in order to function are referred to as holocrine glands.
ANS:TDIF:ApplicationREF:Page 138
TOP:Glandular Epithelium
13.Loose connective tissue is also called areolar tissue.
ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 139
TOP: Fibrous Connective Tissue
14.Bone-destroying cells are called osteoblasts.
ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page 145
TOP: Bone Tissue
15.Elastic cartilage is the most prevalent type of cartilage.
ANS: F DIF: Synthesis REF: Page 146 TOP: Cartilage
16.Mucous membranes are important because they lubricate and protect passageways.
ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 152
TOP:Mucous Membranes
17.Adipose tissue is a type of connective tissue.
ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 139
TOP: Classification of Connective Tissue
18.Adipose tissue contains predominantly fat cells.
ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 141
TOP:Adipose Tissue
19.Areolar tissue forms protective pads around the kidneys and other organs.
ANS: F DIF: Synthesis REF: Page 142 TOP: Adipose Tissue
20.Osseous tissue serves as a reservoir for blood.
ANS: F DIF: Synthesis REF: Page 144 TOP: Bone Tissue
21.Osteoblasts are specialized cells that build bone tissue.
ANS: T DIF: Application REF: Page 145 TOP: Bone Tissue
22.Haversian systems are microscopic structures in cartilage.
ANS:FDIF:Memorization
REF: Page 144 | Page 145 TOP: Bone Tissue
23.Striated muscle tissue can be controlled both voluntarily and involuntarily.
ANS:TDIF:SynthesisREF:Page 148 | Page 149
TOP:Muscle Tissue
24.Skeletal muscle tissue is striated and voluntary.
ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 148
TOP:Muscle Tissue
25.Skeletal muscle cells are referred to as muscle fibers and are characterized by a high degree of contractility.
ANS: T DIF: Synthesis REF: Page 149 TOP: Muscle Tissue
26.Basic characteristics of the nervous system are excitation and conduction.
ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 149
TOP:Nervous Tissue
27.Phagocytosis is a condition of having an excessive amount of white blood cells.
ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page 151
TOP:Inflammation
28.All the cells that make up tissues are held together by intracellular structures called desmosomes.
ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page 132
TOP: Introduction to Tissues
29.In some tissues, the cells are held together by desmosomes and in other tissues they are held together by nonliving matrix.
ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 132
TOP: Introduction to Tissues
30.Tissue differentiation begins in the zygote.
ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page 128
TOP:Embryonic Development of Tissues
31.Epithelial tissue performs different functions based on the different types of matrix that make up the tissue.
ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page 131
TOP:Generalizations About Epithelial Tissue
32.Epithelial tissue produces the reticular lamina of the basement membrane.
ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page 132
TOP: Classification of Epithelial Tissue
33.Connective tissue produces the reticular lamina of the basement membrane.
ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 132
TOP: Classification of Epithelial Tissue
34.Adhesive molecules called integrins help bind epithelial cells to the basement membrane.
ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 132
TOP: Classification of Epithelial Tissue
35.Because connective tissue is avascular, food and oxygen must pass through the basement membrane to reach the vessels in the epithelial tissue.
ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page 132
TOP: Classification of Epithelial Tissue
36.Epithelial tissue can be classified by the shape of the cells.
ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 132
TOP: Classification Based on Cell Shape
37.Epithelial tissue can be classified by the number of layers the tissue has.
ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 133
TOP:Classification Based on Layers of Cells
38.The upper layer of stratified cuboidal epithelium can be keratinized for protection of the tissue below them.
ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page 135
TOP:Stratified Epithelium
39.When transitional epithelium stretches, the cell shape changes from cuboidal to squamous in appearance.
ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 135
TOP:Stratified Epithelium
40.Hormones are released into ducts by exocrine glands.
ANS:FDIF:ApplicationREF:Page 137
TOP:Glandular Epithelium
41.Hormones are released into the blood by endocrine glands.
ANS:TDIF:ApplicationREF:Page 137
TOP:Glandular Epithelium
42.Endocrine glands can be classified by the shape and complexity of their ducts.
ANS:FDIF:ApplicationREF:Page 137
TOP:Glandular Epithelium
43.Apocrine gland cells die as a result of their functioning.
ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page 137
TOP:Glandular Epithelium
44.Both collagenous fibers and reticular fibers are made of collagen.
ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 138
TOP:Characteristics of Connective Tissue
45.Elastic fibers are made of the protein elastin.
ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 138
TOP:Characteristics of Connective Tissue
46.Proteoglycans are composed of glucosamine bound to a polysaccharide core.
ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page 138
TOP:Characteristics of Connective Tissue
47.Connective tissue can be classified based on the type of matrix it contains.
ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 139
TOP: Classification of Connective Tissue
48.Hyaluronidase assists in the absorption of injected drugs.
ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 139
TOP: Fibrous Connective Tissue
49.Tendons have more elastic fibers than do ligaments.
ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page 144
TOP:Dense Fibrous Tissue
50.Canaliculi allow osteocytes to stay alive within the bone tissue.
ANS: T DIF: Application REF: Page 145 TOP: Bone Tissue
51.Osteocytes were once osteoclasts that became trapped in the hardening bone tissue.
ANS: F DIF: Application REF: Page 145 TOP: Bone Tissue
52.Osteoclasts are bone-destroying cells.
ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 145
TOP: Bone Tissue
53.The lack of blood vessels in cartilage tissue hinders its ability to heal.
ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 146
TOP: Cartilage
54.The matrix for blood tissue is plasma.
ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 146
TOP: Blood
55.Because of the stripes visible under the microscope, smooth muscle is called striated muscle.
ANS:FDIF:Memorization
REF:Page 148 | Page 149TOP:Muscle Tissue
56.When epithelial tissue is badly injured, a thick scar, or keloid, may develop.
ANS:FDIF:Memorization
REF:Page 149 | Page 150TOP:Tissue Repair
57.Many of the sugars attached to the protein backbone of a proteoglycan molecule are fibronectin.
ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page 130
TOP:Extracellular Matrix
58.The process by which blastocyst cells differentiate into the three primary germ layers is called gastrulation.
ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 128
TOP:Embryonic Development of Tissues
59.The most numerous type of cell found in areolar tissue is the macrophage.
ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page 141
TOP: Fibrous Connective Tissue
60.Both axons and dendrites are found in nervous tissue.
ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 149
TOP:Nervous Tissue
61.The serous membrane covering the lungs is the visceral pleura.
ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 151
TOP:Epithelial Membranes
62.A malignant tumor that arises from epithelial tissue is generally called a sarcoma.
ANS:FDIF:Memorization
REF: Page 153 | Page 154 TOP: Neoplasms
63.A type of abnormal gene that seems to cause cancer is called an oncogene.
ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 154
TOP: Neoplasms
64.A group of cells that performs a common function is called a tissue.
ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 128
TOP: Introduction to Tissues
65.Epithelial tissue can be subdivided into two types: squamous and columnar.
ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page 131
TOP:Types and Location of Epithelial Tissue
66.Simple cuboidal epithelium is one cell layer thick; stratified cuboidal epithelium is more than one layer thick.
ANS:TDIF:ApplicationREF:Page 134 (Table 5-2)
TOP: Classification Scheme of Membranous Epithelial Tissue
67.The type of tissue that lines the vagina, mouth, and esophagus is called keratinized squamous epithelium.
ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page 135
TOP:Stratified Epithelium
68.The concentric layers of bone matrix are called lacunae.
ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page 145
TOP:Compact Bone Tissue
69.In the process of endochondral ossification, the bone that is formed replaces cartilage.
ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 144
TOP: Bone Tissue
70.An example of a cutaneous membrane is the skin.
ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 150
TOP: Cutaneous Membranes
71.Connective tissue membranes are made up of two kinds of tissue.
ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page 152
TOP: Connective Tissue Membranes
72.Astrocytes form the blood-brain barrier that helps protect the brain from harmful substances.
ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 149
TOP:Nervous Tissue
73.Oligodendrocytes help destroy damaged tissue and pathogens in the brain.
ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page 149
TOP:Nervous Tissue
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1.The biology of tissues is called:
| A. | anatomy. |
| B. | physiology. |
| C. | histology. |
| D. | cytology. |
ANS: C DIF: Memorization REF: Page 128
TOP: Introduction to Tissues
2.The most widespread and abundant tissue in the body is:
| A. | epithelial. |
| B. | connective. |
| C. | muscle. |
| D. | nervous. |
ANS: B DIF: Memorization REF: Page 138
TOP:Connective Tissue
3.Nerve tissue is derived from what germ layer?
| A. | Endoderm |
| B. | Ectoderm |
| C. | Mesoderm |
| D. | More than one of the above |
ANS: B DIF: Memorization REF: Page 128
TOP:Embryonic Development of Tissues
4.Epithelial tissues develop from:
| A. | endoderm. |
| B. | ectoderm. |
| C. | mesoderm. |
| D. | more than one of the above. |
ANS: D DIF: Memorization REF: Page 128
TOP:Embryonic Development of Tissues
5.Muscle tissue develops from:
| A. | endoderm. |
| B. | ectoderm. |
| C. | mesoderm. |
| D. | more than one of the above. |
ANS: C DIF: Memorization REF: Page 128
TOP:Embryonic Development of Tissues
6.A tissue is:
| A. | a membrane that lines body cavities. |
| B. | a group of similar cells that perform a common function. |
| C. | a thin sheet of cells embedded in a matrix. |
| D. | the most complex organizational unit of the body. |
ANS: B DIF: Memorization REF: Page 128
TOP: Introduction to Tissues
7.Blood is a member of which basic tissue type?
| A. | Epithelial |
| B. | Connective |
| C. | Muscle |
| D. | Nervous |
ANS: B DIF: Memorization REF: Page 139
TOP:Connective Tissue
8.Which tissue lines body cavities and protects body surfaces?
| A. | Epithelial |
| B. | Connective |
| C. | Muscle |
| D. | Nervous |
ANS: A DIF: Memorization REF: Page 131
TOP:Epithelial Tissue
9.Which of the following epithelial functions is a primary activity of glandular epithelium?
| A. | Protection |
| B. | Secretion |
| C. | Sensation |
| D. | Excretion |
ANS: B DIF: Application REF: Page 131 TOP: Epithelial Tissue
10.What structure is formed by the union of the basal and reticular lamina?
| A. | Nucleus |
| B. | Basement membrane |
| C. | Lysosome |
| D. | Endoplasmic reticulum |
ANS:BDIF:Memorization
REF: Page 131 | Page 132 TOP: Generalizations About Epithelial Tissue
11.Which is not a function of epithelial tissue?
| A. | Absorption |
| B. | Secretion |
| C. | Assimilation |
| D. | Protection |
ANS: C DIF: Application REF: Page 131 TOP: Epithelial Tissue
12.Epithelial cells can be classified according to shape. Which is not a characteristic shape of epithelial cells?
| A. | Rectangular |
| B. | Cubed |
| C. | Cylindrical |
| D. | Flat |
ANS:ADIF:ApplicationREF:Page 132 | Page 133
TOP: Classification Based on Cell Shape
13.One of the characteristics of which type of epithelial tissue is that of being able to readily diffuse material through it, such as occurs in alveoli?
| A. | Stratified columnar |
| B. | Simple columnar |
| C. | Stratified squamous |
| D. | Simple squamous |
ANS:DDIF:ApplicationREF:Page 134
TOP:Classification Based on Layers of Cells
14.Goblet cells, cilia, and microvilli are modifications of which type of epithelial tissue?
| A. | Simple squamous |
| B. | Simple cuboidal |
| C. | Simple columnar |
| D. | Pseudostratified squamous |
ANS: C DIF: Memorization REF: Page 134
TOP:Classification Based on Layers of Cells
15.Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium is found in the:
| A. | mouth. |
| B. | esophagus. |
| C. | epidermis. |
| D. | vagina. |
ANS:CDIF:ApplicationREF:Page 135
TOP:Classification Based on Layers of Cells
16.Glands that are not ducted, but release their products directly into tissue fluid and blood, are called:
| A. | endocrine. |
| B. | exocrine. |
| C. | holocrine. |
| D. | apocrine. |
ANS: A DIF: Memorization REF: Page 137
TOP:Glandular Epithelium
17.Oil-producing glands that self-destruct in order to function are referred to as:
| A. | merocrine. |
| B. | apocrine. |
| C. | endocrine. |
| D. | holocrine. |
ANS: D DIF: Memorization REF: Page 138
TOP:Functional Classification of Exocrine Glands
18.How many layers make up pseudostratified epithelium?
| A. | One |
| B. | Two |
| C. | Three |
| D. | Numerous |
ANS:ADIF:ApplicationREF:Page 134
TOP:Classification Based on Layers of Cells
19.Which of the following would be found as skin covering?
| A. | Pseudostratified columnar epithelium |
| B. | Stratified squamous (keratinized) epithelium |
| C. | Pseudostratified squamous (keratinized) epithelium |
| D. | Stratified squamous nonkeratinized epithelium |
ANS:BDIF:ApplicationREF:Page 135
TOP:Classification Based on Layers of Cells
20.Which of the following exocrine glands constitute the mammary glands?
| A. | Merocrine |
| B. | Apocrine |
| C. | Holocrine |
| D. | All of the above |
ANS: B DIF: Memorization REF: Page 138
TOP:Functional Classification of Exocrine Glands
21.Which of the following is the functional classification of salivary glands?
| A. | Merocrine |
| B. | Endocrine |
| C. | Apocrine |
| D. | Holocrine |
ANS: A DIF: Memorization REF: Page 138
TOP:Functional Classification of Exocrine Glands
22.Which is not a function of connective tissue?
| A. | Transport |
| B. | Support |
| C. | Defense |
| D. | Communication |
ANS: D DIF: Memorization REF: Page 138
TOP: Functions of Connective Tissue
23.Which of the following can be found in the extracellular matrix?
| A. | Water |
| B. | Proteoglycans |
| C. | Bone cells |
| D. | Both A and B |
ANS: D DIF: Memorization REF: Page 130
TOP:Extracellular Matrix
24.Collagenous fibers can be found extensively in:
| A. | epithelial tissue. |
| B. | connective tissue. |
| C. | muscle tissue. |
| D. | nervous tissue. |
ANS: B DIF: Memorization REF: Page 138
TOP:Characteristics of Connective Tissue
25.The type of tissue referred to as loose ordinary connective tissue is:
| A. | areolar. |
| B. | adipose. |
| C. | reticular. |
| D. | cartilage. |
ANS:ADIF:ApplicationREF:Page 139
TOP: Classification of Connective Tissue
26.Which is not characteristic of reticular tissue?
| A. | It is a major component of the body’s defense process. |
| B. | It is found in bone marrow. |
| C. | It makes reticular fibers. |
| D. | It produces red blood cells. |
ANS:DDIF:ApplicationREF:Page 142 | Page 143
TOP:Reticular Tissue
27.The basic organizational or structural unit of bone is called the:
| A. | canaliculi. |
| B. | lamellae. |
| C. | lacunae. |
| D. | haversian system. |
ANS:DDIF:Memorization
REF: Page 144 | Page 145 TOP: Bone Tissue
28.Cartilage is a form of:
| A. | epithelial tissue. |
| B. | connective tissue. |
| C. | muscle tissue. |
| D. | osseous tissue. |
ANS: B DIF: Memorization REF: Page 146
TOP: Classification of Connective Tissue
29.Which of the following is not a function of adipose tissue?
| A. | Insulates to conserve body heat |
| B. | Defends the body from microbes and injurious substances |
| C. | Supports and protects the kidneys |
| D. | Stores excess food |
ANS: B DIF: Application REF: Page 142 TOP: Adipose Tissue
30.The mature cells of bone are called:
| A. | fibroblasts. |
| B. | osteoclasts. |
| C. | osteocytes. |
| D. | osteoblasts. |
ANS: C DIF: Memorization REF: Page 145
TOP: Bone Tissue
31.The most prevalent type of cartilage is:
| A. | hyaline cartilage. |
| B. | fibrous cartilage. |
| C. | elastic cartilage. |
ANS: A DIF: Memorization REF: Page 146
TOP: Cartilage
32.The red marrow of bones is a form of:
| A. | skeletal muscle tissue. |
| B. | cartilage tissue. |
| C. | hematopoietic tissue. |
| D. | smooth muscle tissue. |
ANS: C DIF: Memorization REF: Page 147
TOP: Blood
33.The type of tissue that contains cells called neurons is:
| A. | muscle. |
| B. | epithelial. |
| C. | connective. |
| D. | nervous. |
ANS: D DIF: Application REF: Page 149 TOP: Nervous Tissue
34.Which of the following is another name for skeletal muscle?
| A. | Striated voluntary |
| B. | Nonstriated involuntary |
| C. | Striated involuntary |
| D. | Pseudostriated involuntary |
ANS:ADIF:Memorization
REF:Page 147 (Table 5-7)TOP:Muscle Tissue
35.The peritoneum is an example of a:
| A. | cutaneous membrane. |
| B. | serous membrane. |
| C. | mucous membrane. |
| D. | cuboidal membrane. |
ANS:BDIF:Memorization
REF:Page 150 | Page 151TOP:Epithelial Membranes
36.Connective tissue membranes differ from cutaneous and serous membranes in that they:
| A. | contain fewer layers of cells. |
| B. | do not contain epithelial components. |
| C. | are not smooth and slick. |
| D. | do not secrete fluids. |
ANS:BDIF:SynthesisREF:Page 152
TOP:Epithelial Membranes
37.Which of the following is not a characteristic of connective tissue?
| A. | Typically holds its cells together tightly by means of desmosomes |
| B. | Protects the body from foreign invaders |
| C. | Supports the body |
| D. | Transports substances throughout the body |
ANS: A DIF: Memorization REF: Page 128
TOP: Principal Types of Tissues
38.The most complex tissue in the body is:
| A. | connective. |
| B. | epithelial. |
| C. | nervous. |
| D. | muscle. |
ANS: C DIF: Memorization REF: Page 128
TOP: Principal Types of Tissues
39.Basement membrane is composed of molecules made by:
| A. | muscle tissue. |
| B. | connective tissue. |
| C. | epithelial tissue. |
| D. | both B and C. |
ANS:DDIF:Memorization
REF: Page 131 | Page 132 TOP: Generalizations About Epithelial Tissue
40.Which of the following is not true of simple squamous epithelium?
| A. | It is one layer thick. |
| B. | It prevents the diffusion of material from one part of the body to another. |
| C. | It is composed of flat, scale-like cells. |
| D. | All of the above are true of simple squamous epithelium. |
ANS: B DIF: Application REF: Page 134 TOP: Simple Epithelium
41.Which of the following is not true of simple cuboidal epithelium?
| A. | It is one layer thick. |
| B. | It is composed of cuboidal-shaped cells. |
| C. | It is found in ducts or tubules of the kidney. |
| D. | All of the above are true of simple cuboidal epithelium. |
ANS: D DIF: Application REF: Page 134 TOP: Simple Epithelium
42.Microvilli are found on which types of cells in the lining of the intestine?
| A. | Pseudostratified epithelium |
| B. | Simple columnar epithelium |
| C. | Stratified cuboidal epithelium |
| D. | Simple cuboidal epithelium |
ANS: B DIF: Memorization REF: Page 134
TOP:Simple Epithelium
43.Cilia are found on which type of cells lining the respiratory tract?
| A. | Pseudostratified epithelium |
| B. | Simple columnar epithelium |
| C. | Stratified cuboidal epithelium |
| D. | Simple cuboidal epithelium |
ANS: A DIF: Memorization REF: Page 134
TOP:Simple Epithelium
44.Glandular epithelium is usually composed of:
| A. | stratified cuboidal epithelium. |
| B. | stratified columnar epithelium. |
| C. | pseudostratified columnar epithelium. |
| D. | none of the above. |
ANS: D DIF: Memorization REF: Page 137
TOP:Glandular Epithelium
45.The functioning of which of the following glandular tissues does not injure the cell or cause a loss of cytoplasm?
| A. | Apocrine |
| B. | Endocrine |
| C. | Merocrine |
| D. | Holocrine |
ANS: C DIF: Memorization REF: Page 138
TOP:Glandular Epithelium
46.Areolar tissue usually contains which type of cell in the greatest number?
| A. | Macrophages |
| B. | Fibroblasts |
| C. | Mast cells |
| D. | Phagocytes |
ANS: B DIF: Memorization REF: Page 141
TOP: Fibrous Connective Tissue
47.Reticular tissue does not form the framework for which of the following?
| A. | Kidney |
| B. | Spleen |
| C. | Lymph nodes |
| D. | All of the above are composed of reticular tissue |
ANS:ADIF:Memorization
REF:Page 142 | Page 143TOP:Reticular Tissue
48.Cells found only in cartilage include:
| A. | chondrocytes and fibroblasts. |
| B. | chondrocytes and macrophages. |
| C. | chondrocytes and mast cells. |
| D. | only chondrocytes. |
ANS: D DIF: Memorization REF: Page 146
TOP: Cartilage
49.Which of the following is not a characteristic of skeletal muscles?
| A. | Have one nucleus per cell |
| B. | Are attached to bone |
| C. | Have striations |
| D. | Are voluntary or “willed” muscles |
ANS: A DIF: Application REF: Page 148 TOP: Muscle Tissue
50.Which of the following is not a characteristic of smooth muscles?
| A. | Have one nucleus per cell |
| B. | Have intercalated disks |
| C. | Make up the walls of the viscera |
| D. | Usually are not under voluntary control |
ANS:BDIF:ApplicationREF:Page 148 | Page 149
TOP:Muscle Tissue
51.The serous membrane covering the stomach is called the:
| A. | visceral pleura. |
| B. | visceral peritoneum. |
| C. | parietal pleura. |
| D. | parietal peritoneum. |
ANS:BDIF:ApplicationREF:Page 151
TOP:Serous Membranes
52.Which of the following is not a primary germ layer?
| A. | Epiderm |
| B. | Mesoderm |
| C. | Endoderm |
| D. | Ectoderm |
ANS: A DIF: Memorization REF: Page 128
TOP:Embryonic Development of Tissues
53.Microvilli assist epithelial tissue in:
| A. | protecting the underlying tissue. |
| B. | releasing substances from glands. |
| C. | absorbing nutrients. |
| D. | all of the above functions. |
ANS: C DIF: Memorization REF: Page 134
TOP:Simple Epithelium
54.Another term for a ductless gland is an:
| A. | exocrine gland. |
| B. | endocrine gland. |
| C. | alveolar gland. |
| D. | both A and C. |
ANS: B DIF: Memorization REF: Page 137
TOP:Glandular Epithelium
55.The type of cell found in connective tissue that releases histamine is a(n):
| A. | fibroblast. |
| B. | macrophage. |
| C. | mast cell. |
| D. | areolar cell. |
ANS: C DIF: Memorization REF: Page 141
TOP: Loose Connective Tissue
56.Cancellous tissue is an example of which type of connective tissue?
| A. | Cartilage |
| B. | Bone |
| C. | Dense connective |
| D. | Loose connective |
ANS: B DIF: Memorization REF: Page 145
TOP: Cancellous (Spongy) Bone Tissue
57.An axon is an important part of which kind of tissue?
| A. | Nervous |
| B. | Smooth muscle |
| C. | Cardiac muscle |
| D. | Glandular epithelium |
ANS: A DIF: Memorization REF: Page 149
TOP:Nervous Tissue
58.The membrane lining the wall of the thoracic cavity is the:
| A. | visceral pleura. |
| B. | parietal pleura. |
| C. | visceral peritoneum. |
| D. | parietal peritoneum. |
ANS: B DIF: Memorization REF: Page 151
TOP:Epithelial Membranes
59.The membrane lining the wall of the abdominal cavity is the:
| A. | visceral pleura. |
| B. | parietal pleura. |
| C. | visceral peritoneum. |
| D. | parietal peritoneum. |
ANS: D DIF: Memorization REF: Page 151
TOP:Epithelial Membranes
60.Connective tissue forms from stem cell tissue called:
| A. | mesenchyme. |
| B. | blastocyst. |
| C. | endoderm. |
| D. | ectoderm. |
ANS: A DIF: Memorization REF: Page 138
TOP:Connective Tissue
61.Which of the following is not a class of cartilage tissue?
| A. | Hyaline |
| B. | Fibrocartilage |
| C. | Cancellous |
| D. | Elastic |
ANS: C DIF: Memorization REF: Page 146
TOP: Classification of Connective Tissue
62.Fat cells would most likely be found in:
| A. | reticular tissue. |
| B. | adipose tissue. |
| C. | irregular dense fibrous tissue. |
| D. | none of the above. |
ANS: B DIF: Memorization REF: Page 141
TOP:Adipose Tissue
63.Small spaces in the bone where osteocytes are located are called:
| A. | lacunae. |
| B. | lamellae. |
| C. | canaliculi. |
| D. | marrow. |
ANS: A DIF: Memorization REF: Page 145
TOP:Compact Bone Tissue
64.Hematopoietic tissue can be found in the:
| A. | heart. |
| B. | lungs. |
| C. | bones. |
| D. | intestines. |
ANS: C DIF: Memorization REF: Page 147
TOP:Blood Tissue
65.Which cells form the blood-brain barrier that protects the brain from harmful substances in the blood?
| A. | Oligodendrocytes |
| B. | Neurons |
| C. | Astrocytes |
| D. | Microglia |
ANS: C DIF: Memorization REF: Page 149
TOP:Nervous Tissue
66.Which cells electrically insulate axons to increase the speed of conduction?
| A. | Oligodendrocytes |
| B. | Schwann cells |
| C. | Astrocytes |
| D. | Both A and B |
ANS: D DIF: Memorization REF: Page 149
TOP:Nervous Tissue
67.Which cells help destroy pathogens and damaged tissue in the brain?
| A. | Oligodendrocytes |
| B. | Schwann cells |
| C. | Astrocytes |
| D. | Microglia |
ANS: D DIF: Memorization REF: Page 149
TOP:Nervous Tissue
MATCHING
Match each term with its corresponding description.
| A. | calor |
| B. | diapedesis |
| C. | edema |
| D. | hematopoiesis |
| E. | histamine |
| F. | dolor |
| G. | rubor |
| H. | leukocytosis |
| I. | chemotaxis |
| J. | phagocytosis |
1.process by which white blood cells engulf and destroy bacteria
2.formation and development of blood cells
3.increased blood flow and pooling of blood that cause reddening after an injury
4.warmth that results from the increased blood flow to the area of injury
5.pain
6.attraction of leukocytes
7.causes increased blood vessel permeability
8.increased number of white blood cells
9.presence of abnormally large amounts of fluid in intercellular tissue spaces
10.movement of white blood cells through blood vessel walls
1.ANS:JDIF:Memorization
REF:Page 141 (Table 5-3)TOP:Inflammation
2.ANS:DDIF:MemorizationREF:Page 147
TOP: Blood
3.ANS:GDIF:Memorization
REF:Page 141 (Table 5-3)TOP:Inflammation
4.ANS:ADIF:Memorization
REF:Page 141 (Table 5-3)TOP:Inflammation
5.ANS:FDIF:Memorization
REF:Page 141 (Table 5-3)TOP:Inflammation
6.ANS:IDIF:Memorization
REF:Page 141 (Table 5-3)TOP:Inflammation
7.ANS:EDIF:Memorization
REF:Page 141 (Table 5-3)TOP:Inflammation
8.ANS:HDIF:Memorization
REF:Page 141 (Table 5-3)TOP:Inflammation
9.ANS:CDIF:Memorization
REF:Page 141 (Table 5-3)TOP:Inflammation
10.ANS:BDIF:Memorization
REF:Page 141 (Table 5-3)TOP:Inflammation
Match each category of epithelial cells with its corresponding definition.
| A. | simple squamous |
| B. | simple cuboidal |
| C. | simple columnar |
| D. | pseudostratified columnar |
| E. | stratified squamous |
| F. | transitional |
11.single layer of cube-shaped cells
12.multiple layers of cells with flat cells at the outer surface
13.single layer of cells; some are tall and thin and reach the free surface, and others do not
14.layers of cells that appear cubelike when an organ is relaxed and flattened when the organ is distended by fluid
15.single layer of flat, scalelike cells
16.single layer of tall, thin cells; modification may appear goblet-shaped
11.ANS:BDIF:ApplicationREF:Page 134
TOP:Classification Based on Layers of Cells
12.ANS:EDIF:ApplicationREF:Page 134
TOP:Classification Based on Layers of Cells
13.ANS:DDIF:ApplicationREF:Page 134
TOP:Classification Based on Layers of Cells
14.ANS:FDIF:ApplicationREF:Page 134
TOP:Classification Based on Layers of Cells
15.ANS:ADIF:ApplicationREF:Page 134
TOP:Classification Based on Layers of Cells
16.ANS:CDIF:MemorizationREF:Page 134
TOP:Simple Epithelium
Match each term with its corresponding definition.
| A. | neuron |
| B. | neuroglia |
| C. | axon |
| D. | soma |
| E. | dendrite |
17.the cell body of the neuron
18.supportive cells of nervous tissue
19.cell process that transmits nerve impulses away from the cell body
20.the conducting cells of the nervous system
21.cell process that carries nerve impulses toward the cell body
17.ANS:DDIF:MemorizationREF:Page 149
TOP:Nervous Tissue
18.ANS:BDIF:MemorizationREF:Page 149
TOP:Nervous Tissue
19.ANS:CDIF:MemorizationREF:Page 149
TOP:Nervous Tissue
20.ANS:ADIF:MemorizationREF:Page 149
TOP:Nervous Tissue
21.ANS:EDIF:MemorizationREF:Page 149
TOP:Nervous Tissue
Match each type of gland to its corresponding description.
| A. | endocrine |
| B. | holocrine |
| C. | merocrine |
| D. | apocrine |
22.ductless glands that produce hormones, such as the thyroid gland
23.glands that complete their function without incurring damage to or loss of cytoplasm, such as salivary glands
24.glands that pinch off their tips to release their products, such as milk-producing mammary glands
25.glands that self-destruct to complete their function, such as glands that produce oil to lubricate the skin
22.ANS:ADIF:MemorizationREF:Page 137
TOP:Glandular Epithelium
23.ANS:CDIF:MemorizationREF:Page 138
TOP:Glandular Epithelium
24.ANS:DDIF:MemorizationREF:Page 138
TOP:Glandular Epithelium
25.ANS:BDIF:MemorizationREF:Page 138
TOP:Glandular Epithelium
Match each general tissue type with a corresponding specific tissue.
| A. | epithelial |
| B. | connective |
| C. | muscle |
| D. | nerve |
26.bone and adipose tissue
27.neurons and neuroglia
28.tissue in the heart and the biceps of the arm
29.tissue that lines the stomach and intestines
26.ANS:BDIF:MemorizationREF:Page 139
TOP: Classification of Connective Tissue
27.ANS:DDIF:MemorizationREF:Page 149
TOP:Nervous Tissue
28.ANS:CDIF:MemorizationREF:Page 148
TOP:Muscle Tissue
29.ANS:ADIF:MemorizationREF:Page 131
TOP:Epithelial Tissue
SHORT ANSWER
1.Describe the embryonic development of tissues in terms of the three primary germ layers.
ANS:
Answers will vary.
DIF: Synthesis REF: Page 128 TOP: Embryonic Development of Tissues
2.List and describe the five important functions performed by the various types of epithelial tissues.
ANS:
Answers will vary.
DIF:ApplicationREF:Page 131TOP:Epithelial Tissue
3.Differentiate among simple, stratified, and transitional epithelia.
ANS:
Answers will vary.
DIF:SynthesisREF:Page 134 | Page 135
TOP: Classification of Epithelial Tissue
4.Describe the three functional classifications of exocrine glands.
ANS:
Answers will vary.
DIF:ApplicationREF:Page 138TOP:Glandular Epithelium
5.Explain why body composition is a good indicator of health and fitness.
ANS:
Answers will vary.
DIF: Synthesis REF: Page 142 ( Box 5-4 ) TOP: Sports and Fitness
6.Describe how the distribution of fat storage areas differs in males and females.
ANS:
Answers will vary.
DIF: Synthesis REF: Page 142 (Figure 5-17) TOP: Adipose Tissue
7.Differentiate among the three types of cartilage: hyaline, fibrous, and elastic.
ANS:
Answers will vary.
DIF: Synthesis REF: Page 146 TOP: Cartilage
8.Why is blood considered to be the most unusual type of connective tissue?
ANS:
Answers will vary.
DIF: Synthesis REF: Page 146 TOP: Blood
9.List the four cardinal signs of inflammation.
ANS:
Answers will vary.
DIF:MemorizationREF:Page 141 (Box 5-3)
TOP:Inflammation
10.Give a brief description of tissue repair, including the varying capacities with which the different types of tissues can accomplish this task.
ANS:
Answers will vary.
DIF: Synthesis REF: Page 149 | Page 150 TOP: Tissue Repair
11.Describe the three types of muscle tissue and give a location and function of each.
ANS:
Answers will vary.
DIF: Application REF: Page 148 | Page 149 TOP: Muscle Tissue
12.Name and differentiate the two types of stem cells. What are some possible uses for stem cells?
ANS:
Answers will vary.
DIF: Application REF: Page 128 (Box 5-1) TOP: Stem Cells
13.Briefly describe cutaneous membranes and mucous membranes and give the location of each in the body.
ANS:
Answers will vary.
DIF:MemorizationREF:Page 150 | Page 152
TOP: Cutaneous Membranes and Mucous Membranes
14.Briefly describe serous membranes and give their location in the body. Differentiate between visceral and parietal membranes and give an example of each.
ANS:
Answers will vary.
DIF:ApplicationREF:Page 150 | Page 151
TOP:Serous Membranes
15.Briefly describe connective tissue membranes and give their location in the body.
ANS:
Answers will vary.
DIF:MemorizationREF:Page 152
TOP: Connective Tissue Membranes
16.Name and briefly describe the four principle types of tissue in the body.
ANS:
Answers will vary.
DIF:MemorizationREF:Page 128
TOP: Principal Types of Tissue
OTHER
1.Challenge: Mr. Melbourne has emphysema and has been admitted to the cardiac care unit with oxygen administered per nasal cannula. Emphysema destroys the tiny air sacs in the lungs, reducing the diffusion of oxygen into the blood. These tiny air sacs, alveoli, are formed by what type of tissue? What tissue type will form in place of the damaged alveoli, and why will this impair the diffusion process?
ANS:
Answers will vary.
DIF:SynthesisREF:Page 128
TOP: Embryonic Development of Tissues | Tissue Repair
2.Challenge: Diana is 5 foot, 4 inches tall and weighs 125 pounds. She appears very healthy and fit, yet her doctor advised her that she is over-fat. What might be the explanation for this assessment?
ANS:
Answers will vary.
DIF: Synthesis REF: Page 142 (Box 5-4) TOP: Sports and Fitness
3.Challenge: Explain how simple squamous epithelium and the microvilli and cilia illustrate the relationship between structure and function.
ANS:
Answers will vary.
DIF:SynthesisREF:Page 134TOP:Simple Epithelium
4.Challenge: During a heart attack, heart muscle is damaged. Explain why, even when a person is fully “recovered,” the heart is not as good as new.
ANS:
Answers will vary.
DIF: Synthesis REF: Page 149 | Page 150 TOP: Tissue Repair
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